linux socket实现网络聊天室（一）：服务器和客户端对话
#socket#服务器#linux#聊天#网络#struct
1.服务器端#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <errno.h>#include <string.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <netinet/in.h>#define SERVPORT 3333#define BACKLOG 10#define MAX_CONNECTED_NO 10#define MAXDATASIZE 5 int main(){ struct sockaddr_in server_sockaddr,client_sockaddr; int sin_size,recvbytes; int sockfd,client_fd; char buf[MAXDATASIZE];/*创建socket*/ if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1){ perror("socket"); exit(1); } printf("socket success!,sockfd=%d\n",sockfd);/*设置服务器sockaddr_in结构*/ server_sockaddr.sin_family=AF_INET; server_sockaddr.sin_port=htons(SERVPORT); server_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY; bzero(&(server_sockaddr.sin_zero),8);/*绑定socket和端口*/ if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&server_sockaddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1){ perror("bind"); exit(1); } printf("bind success!\n");/*监听客户端请求*/ if(listen(sockfd,BACKLOG)==-1){ perror("listen"); exit(1); } printf("listening....\n");/*接受客户端请求*/ if((client_fd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&client_sockaddr,&sin_size))==-1){ perror("accept"); exit(1); }/*接收客户端信息*/ if((recvbytes=recv(client_fd,buf,MAXDATASIZE,0))==-1){ perror("recv"); exit(1); } printf("received a connection :%s\n",buf);/*关闭socket*/ close(sockfd);}2.客户端#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <errno.h>#include <string.h>#include <netdb.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <netinet/in.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#define SERVPORT 3333#define MAXDATASIZE 100main(int argc,char *argv[]){ int sockfd,sendbytes; char buf[MAXDATASIZE]; struct hostent *host; struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;/*argc<2,表示没有输入主机名，主机句是IP地址形式，如“192.168.1.1”*/ if(argc < 2){ fprintf(stderr,"Please enter the server's hostname!\n"); exit(1); }/*获取主机名，地址解析函数*/ if((host=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL){ perror("gethostbyname"); exit(1); }/*创建socket*/ if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1){ perror("socket"); exit(1); }/*设置serv_addr结构参数*/ serv_addr.sin_family=AF_INET; serv_addr.sin_port=htons(SERVPORT); serv_addr.sin_addr=*((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr); bzero(&(serv_addr.sin_zero),8);/*向服务器请求连接，serv_addr是服务器端地址*/ if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,\ sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1){ perror("connect"); exit(1); }/*发送消息给服务器，此时可以在服务器端看到"hello"字样*/ if((sendbytes=send(sockfd,"hello",5,0))==-1){ perror("send"); exit(1); }/*关闭连接*/ close(sockfd);}
二、编译步骤
#gcc server.c -o server#./server //此时服务器端在监听#gcc client.c -o client#./client 172.31.100.236 //客户端向服务器端发送“hello"，服务器端监听终止